Using a movable architectural block — the largest of its type in the world — the 15,000-ton structure can host concerts and exhibitions seating 27,000; an American football game for 36,500; or a concert for 5,000. The concept was developed as part of an international design competition. The design team was led by Nikken Sekkei Ltd, the representatives of MAS*2000 Design Team, in association with Ellerbe Becket and Flack+Kurtz Consulting Engineers. A special joint venture entity consisting of Taisei Corporation, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and UDK provided construction and design support.
“The Japanese wanted a facility with the functional diversity and flexibility of the Swiss Army Knife, offering a wide range of features and combinations,” said Ellerbe Becket Principal Gordon Wood. “By using the latest technology and design concepts, Japan has a facility unlike any in the world.”
Saitama’s technological marvels are complemented by its gleaming silver futuristic exterior. Large amounts of glass allow natural light to illuminate the pathways, and the roof structure extends 218 feet (66 meters) above grade.
At the heart of the design is a concept called Moving Block (MB), which allows the facility to move 9,200 seats along with restrooms, concessions and circulation elements 231 feet (70 meters) between the arena configuration and the stadium configuration. The move from one end to the other takes 20 minutes and is achieved by means of 64 base bogeys or trucks that travel on steel rails composed of four guide rails and 18 flat rails. When in position, the base trucks are held by lock pins.
A system of flexible, quick-connecting utilities — water, sewer and electricity — was devised for rapid conversion between the arena and stadium modes. Electricity is provided by cables that are on a cable reel system that automatically winds the slack as the MB closes, and releases it when it opens. Plumbing and air-conditioning are cut and connected automatically whenever the MB moves.
The arena boasts a movable Lambda floor that can be moved vertically, up or down, to produce a variety of stage configurations.
Saitama’s ability to host a number of different activities meant significant emphasis on sound quality design. The seats are made from sound-absorbing materials, and the arena’s sound-shielding design ensures that noise does not leak outside the building.
An innovator since its founding in 1909, Ellerbe Becket provides integrated architecture, planning, interiors, engineering and construction services on a global basis.
